A Social-exchange Analysis of Family Life Is Likely to Consider ________

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What Is the Social Exchange Theory?

Social exchange theory proposes that social beliefs is the upshot of an exchange procedure. The purpose of this exchange is to maximize benefits and minimize costs.

Co-ordinate to this theory, people weigh the potential benefits and risks of social relationships. When the risks outweigh the rewards, people will finish or abandon the relationship.

Most relationships are made upward of a certain corporeality of give-and-take, but this does not mean that they are always equal. Social commutation suggests that it is the valuing of the ​benefits and costs of each human relationship that make up one's mind whether or not we choose to continue a social clan.

This theory of social interaction has been used across a variety of fields, including sociology, psychology, and even economics.

History

The notion of "social behavior as commutation" was offset identified by American sociologist George C. Homans in 1958. Homans was a pioneer in behavioral folklore and held several roles of stardom in his career, including serving equally president of the American Sociological Clan (1963 to 1964) and chairman of Harvard's Department of Sociology (1970 to 1975).

Homans is known for beingness rather matter-of-fact. For case, although a sociologist himself, if asked, he would respond that "most sociological theorists are idiots."

Other figures that contributed to the development of Homans' social exchange theory, admitting in different ways, were John Thibaut, Harold Kelley, and Peter Blau. Thibaut and Kelley were both social psychologists and Blau was a sociologist and theorist.

While Homans approached the written report of social exchange past starting with groups, and then working down to individuals, Thibaut and Kelley started with individuals and worked up to groups. Blau prescribed to neither of these approaches, instead, warning that the aspects of social commutation shouldn't be blinded by psychology.

Aspects of Social Exchange Theory

To truly empathise social exchange theory requires recognizing the aspects on which it is based.

Costs vs. Benefits

Social commutation theory suggests that we substantially accept the benefits of a relationship and subtract the costs in gild to determine how much it is worth.

  • Costs involve things that y'all come across as negatives, such as having to put money, time, and effort into a relationship. For example, if you have a friend who always borrows money from yous, this might be seen equally a loftier cost.
  • Benefits are things that you become out of the human relationship, such as fun, friendship, companionship, and social back up. Your friend might be a bit of a freeloader, but bring a lot of fun and excitement to your life. Equally you lot are determining the value of the friendship, you might make up one's mind that the benefits outweigh the potential costs.

Positive relationships are those in which the benefits outweigh the costs. Negative relationships occur when the costs are greater than the benefits.

Expectations and Comparison Levels

Cost-benefit analysis plays a major function in the social exchange process, but so do expectations. As people weigh benefits against the costs, they practice so past establishing a comparing level that is often influenced past past experiences.

For example, if your previous romantic partner showered y'all with displays of affection, your comparison level for your next relationship is going to exist quite loftier when it comes to affection. If your next romantic partner tends to be more reserved and less emotional, that person might not measure up to your expectations.

If you have always had poor friendships, your comparison levels at the start of a relationship volition exist lower than a person who has always had supportive and caring friends.

Expectations tin can appear within piece of work relationships equally well. Research indicates that in that location is an "expectation of reciprocity" inside workplace settings between management and staff. If an employee doesn't feel that their attempt is being reciprocated from higher-ups, this can affect their piece of work.

Affect of Social Substitution on Relationships

The idea that relationships are based on an commutation can affect how we chronicle with others.

The Honeymoon Phase

The length of a friendship or romance can play a role in the social exchange process. During the early weeks or months of a human relationship, often referred to as the "honeymoon stage," people are more likely to ignore the social exchange residual.

Things that would usually be viewed equally high cost are dismissed, ignored, or minimized, while potential benefits are often exaggerated. When this honeymoon flow finally comes to an end, there volition often be a gradual evaluation of the exchange remainder.

At this point, downsides become more apparent and benefits start to be seen more than realistically. This recalibration of the substitution balance might also pb to the termination of the human relationship if the balance is tipped too far toward the negative side.

Evaluating the Alternatives

Some other aspect of the social exchange process involves looking at possible alternatives. Afterward analyzing the costs and benefits and contrasting these confronting your comparison levels, you might start to expect at other options.

The human relationship might non measure upward to your comparing levels, but as you survey the potential alternatives, you might make up one's mind information technology is still better than anything else available. As a result, you might reassess the relationship in terms of what may now be a somewhat lower comparison level.

Disinterestedness Determines Wellness

Since social exchange theory is based on give and take, if this back and forth exchange is not considered equitable, it tin touch the health of the relationship. The primary giver may feel resentful while the primary receiver may exist riddled with guilt.

If this type of commutation happens only once or twice, it likely won't affect the human relationship. However, if information technology becomes a design, feelings of resentment and guilt can beginning to build, creating a point of contention between the two.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is social exchange theory in communication?

    The advice theory of social exchange says that people communicate with others with the expectation that their communication volition be every bit reciprocated. For example, if yous reach out to someone at a networking event, you might presume that they will respond with the aforementioned desire and enthusiasm.

  • What is an example of social exchange?

    One of the most basic examples is being asked on a date. If you feel that the benefits of going on the date outweigh the costs (there are more pros than cons), you will say yes. Conversely, if the costs outweigh the benefits (more cons than pros), you lot'll likely say no.

  • How does altruism factor into social exchange theory?

    Typically, being altruistic means giving without expecting annihilation in return, which contradicts the ground of social commutation. Yet, research indicates that there are two types of altruism: true and reciprocal. While a true altruist gives solely to requite, a reciprocal gives with some expectation of a return.

  • How does social exchange theory affect racism?

    Some suggest that since social substitution theory was crafted based on the White heart class, it neglects the realities of other race groups. This helps grade the basis of systemic racism, forcing other races to deal with a system that doesn't have their cultural differences into consideration—and be judged negatively for these differences.

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Source: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-social-exchange-theory-2795882

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